Hermann's Tortoises, scientifically known as Testudo hermanni, are small to medium-sized tortoises native to southern Europe, particularly found in the Mediterranean regions such as Greece, Italy, and the Balkans. These tortoises are distinguished by their high-domed shell, which features a distinctive pattern of yellow and black that varies from one individual to another, making each tortoise's shell unique. A key identification feature of Hermann's Tortoises is the presence of a small spur on the tip of the tail. These tortoises are relatively long-lived creatures, with life spans that can extend over 50 years in the wild and even longer in captivity under optimal conditions.

Hermann's Tortoises are primarily herbivorous, their diet consisting mostly of leafy greens, flowers, and some fruits, which they forage from their natural surroundings. This diet is crucial as it provides the necessary nutrients and fiber for their digestive systems. In captivity, their diet needs to closely mimic their natural food sources to prevent health issues such as shell deformities and nutritional deficiencies. Hermann's Tortoises exhibit brumation, a form of hibernation during the colder months, which is vital for their metabolic health and breeding cycles. Before entering brumation, they will often eat less and spend more time burrowing into the ground to prepare for this period of dormancy. These tortoises are also known for their strong homing instinct, often traveling long distances to return to their preferred habitats or nesting sites. Their need for a varied landscape with opportunities for both basking in the sun and ample shade makes them active landscape engineers, influencing their environment significantly.