Hermann's Tortoises (Testudo hermanni) are small yet robust tortoises native to the Mediterranean region. They are easily recognizable by their distinct yellow and black patterned shells, which serve as excellent camouflage in their natural habitat. One unique feature of the species is the spur at the end of the tail, which distinguishes them from other tortoises. This species has two main subspecies: the Western Hermann's tortoise (T. h. hermanni) and the Eastern Hermann's tortoise (T. h. boettgeri). While the western subspecies tends to be smaller, reaching around 7 inches, the eastern subspecies can grow up to 11 inches. Their natural habitats include open woodlands, scrublands, and rocky hillsides where they forage for a variety of plants, making them primarily herbivores.

Hermann's Tortoises are primarily herbivorous, their diet consisting mostly of leafy greens, flowers, and some fruits, which they forage from their natural surroundings. This diet is crucial as it provides the necessary nutrients and fiber for their digestive systems. In captivity, their diet needs to closely mimic their natural food sources to prevent health issues such as shell deformities and nutritional deficiencies. Hermann's Tortoises exhibit brumation, a form of hibernation during the colder months, which is vital for their metabolic health and breeding cycles. Before entering brumation, they will often eat less and spend more time burrowing into the ground to prepare for this period of dormancy. These tortoises are also known for their strong homing instinct, often traveling long distances to return to their preferred habitats or nesting sites. Their need for a varied landscape with opportunities for both basking in the sun and ample shade makes them active landscape engineers, influencing their environment significantly.